Lithium-alloy/metal sulfide batteries have been under development at Argonne National Laboratory since 1972. ANL's technology employs a two-phase Li alloy negative electrode, low-melting point LiCl-rich LiCl-LiBr-KBr molten salt electrolyte, and either an FeS or an upper-plateau (UP) FeS2 positive electrode. These components are assembled in an 'electrolyte-starved' bipolar cell configuration. Use of the multi-phase Li alloy (( alpha + beta )Li-Al and Li5AlFe2) negative electrode provides in situ overcharge tolerance that renders the bipolar design viable. Employing LiCl-rich LiCl-LiBr-KBr electrolyte in 'electrolyte-starved' cells achieves low-burdened cells that possess low area-specific impedance, comparable with that of flooded cells using LiCl-LiBr-KBr eutectic electrolyte. The combination of dense UP FeS2 electrodes and low-melting electrolyte produces a stable and reversible couple, achieving over 1000 cycles in flooded cells, with high power capabilities. In addition, a new class of stable chalcogenide ceramic/sealant materials was developed. These materials produce high-strength bonds between a variety of metals and ceramics, which make fabrication of lithium/iron sulfide bipolar stacks practical. Bipolar Li-Al/FeS and Li-Al/FeS2 cells and four-cell stacks using these seals have been built and tested for electric vehicle (EV) applications. They are projected to meet or exceed the performance requirements for a large variety of EV and HV applications.
Lithium-aluminum/iron sulfide batteries
Li-Al/Fe-Sulfid-Batterie
Journal of Power Sources ; 51 , 1-2 ; 115-128
1994
14 Seiten, 23 Quellen
Article (Journal)
English
Lithium-aluminum-iron sulfide batteries
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