A fundamental task of the ship designer is to develop the best possible hull form on the basis of certain known (preliminarily determined) dimensions and integrated hull form characteristics, such as ship’s length L, beam B, draft T and hull form coefficients, slenderness ratio, etc., considering the following fundamental factors/criteria:

    Resistance and Propulsion in Calm Water

    Particular attention should be paid to:

    Superposition/tuning of the generated transverse, ship-bound wave systems, namely of the bow, the stern, and the shoulder wave systems (see Sect. 2.3.1).

    Favorable/smooth flow around stern shoulders and avoidance of flow separation (causing increased eddy resistance).

    Favorable/smooth incident flow to the propeller and rudder.

    Comment: Besides ship’s hull form, the resistance of a ship is significantly influenced , by ship’s main dimensions L, B, and T, her displacement and its distribution, as well as the mutual relationships thereof (ratios of main dimensions, slenderness ratio). Therefore, possible mistakes in choosing the proper values for the above dimensions cannot be corrected even with very careful shaping of the vessel’s hull.

    Stability/Floatability in Intact and Damage Condition: Is strongly influenced by the form of the waterplane area (CWP), the form of sections below and above still water level (SWL), the type of the stern, etc.

    Seakeeping Performance/Behavior in Waves:

    Particularly with regard to:

    Ship motions and loads in waves

    Slamming phenomena and emergence of propeller (propeller racing)

    Added resistance in waves

    Roll motions and dynamic stability, likely capsize/foundering in waves

    Bow diving and deck wetness phenomena (green water) by high waves

    The above listed phenomena are affected in addition to the main dimensions, particularly by:

    Displacement (total ship’s weight and its distribution)

    Coefficients CB and CP

    Longitudinal center of floatation (LCF)

    Sections’ form character above design waterline (particularly at the bow) and freeboard/bow height

    Bow/stern form

    Maneuvering Capabilities:

    Concerning in particular the following ship properties:

    Course keeping

    Maneuverability

    Influenced by:

    Lateral plane projected area of ship’s hull below waterline (value of a · L · T and centroid of this area).

    Volume of Holds/Cargo:

    It is referring to:

    Dimensions of holds’ spaces

    Position of holds’ openings/hatches

    Available volume of holds

    It is affected particularly by:

    Coefficients CB, CBD (CB at the level of D), and CM

    Length of parallel body

    Sections’ form/character

    Construction Aspects and Cost:

    Is relating to:

    Simplicity and ease of construction

    Construction cost

    and is influenced basically by the same factors as stated above for the volume of holds (see (e)).

    In the framework of development of a ship’s hull form the determination of the following quantities is additionally required:

    Longitudinal position of the buoyancy center and the center of floatation

    Vertical position of buoyancy center

    Length of vessel’s parallel body

    Length of entrance/run and angle of entrance/run (slope) of sectional area curve.

    In the same context the following qualitative characteristics of the vessel’s hull are determined:

    Distribution of displacement, form of sectional area curve, and shape/profile of shoulders

    Character and form of sections of wetted and above waterline hull form

    Character and form of the design waterline (DWL) and waterlines around DWL

    Shape of the bow part of the vessel

    Shape of the stern part of the vessel

    Configuration of deck’s sheer and determination of freeboard height


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    Title :

    Ship’s Hull Form


    Contributors:

    Published in:

    Ship Design ; Chapter : 3 ; 293-357


    Publication date :

    2014-09-16


    Size :

    65 pages




    Type of media :

    Article/Chapter (Book)


    Type of material :

    Electronic Resource


    Language :

    English




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