This study develops an accurate method to estimate the proton dose after proton exchange (PE) by applying a soft anneal step, typically 10-30 hours at 210/spl deg/C, which solves the problems of instability and multi-phase composition of PE waveguides. The soft anneal process slows down with time and practically self-terminates once the refractive index step at 633 nm drops below 0.105, corresponding to a concentration x = 0.44 in the film H/sub x/Li/sub 1-x/NbO/sub 3/. Proton dose estimate after soft anneal can be done with 0.25 to 0.5% precision by prism coupling measurements allowing control of the waveguide nonlinear optical frequency converters (WNOFC) quasi-phase-matching (QPM) wavelength with 0.5-1 nm accuracy.


    Access

    Check access

    Check availability in my library

    Order at Subito €


    Export, share and cite



    Title :

    Accurate semi-empirical model for annealed proton exchanged waveguides in z-cut lithium niobate


    Contributors:
    Roussev, R. (author) / Xiuping Xie, (author) / Parameswaran, K. (author) / Fejer, M.M. (author)


    Publication date :

    2003-01-01


    Size :

    140158 byte





    Type of media :

    Conference paper


    Type of material :

    Electronic Resource


    Language :

    English




    UV-written channel waveguides in proton-exchanged lithium niobate

    Gallo, K. / Gawith, C.B.E. / Prawiharjo, J. et al. | IEEE | 2004


    Biaxial Characteristics of Planar Proton Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguides

    Tartarini, G. / Bassi, P. / Baldi, P. et al. | British Library Online Contents | 1997



    Accelerated Aging of Annealed Proton-Exchanged Waveguides

    Kissa, K. M. / Suchoski, P. G. / Lewis, D. K. | British Library Online Contents | 1995