This study develops an accurate method to estimate the proton dose after proton exchange (PE) by applying a soft anneal step, typically 10-30 hours at 210/spl deg/C, which solves the problems of instability and multi-phase composition of PE waveguides. The soft anneal process slows down with time and practically self-terminates once the refractive index step at 633 nm drops below 0.105, corresponding to a concentration x = 0.44 in the film H/sub x/Li/sub 1-x/NbO/sub 3/. Proton dose estimate after soft anneal can be done with 0.25 to 0.5% precision by prism coupling measurements allowing control of the waveguide nonlinear optical frequency converters (WNOFC) quasi-phase-matching (QPM) wavelength with 0.5-1 nm accuracy.


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    Titel :

    Accurate semi-empirical model for annealed proton exchanged waveguides in z-cut lithium niobate


    Beteiligte:
    Roussev, R. (Autor:in) / Xiuping Xie, (Autor:in) / Parameswaran, K. (Autor:in) / Fejer, M.M. (Autor:in)


    Erscheinungsdatum :

    01.01.2003


    Format / Umfang :

    140158 byte





    Medientyp :

    Aufsatz (Konferenz)


    Format :

    Elektronische Ressource


    Sprache :

    Englisch




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