In the field of residual stresses we can describe an oversimplified situation, which is not very far from reality: on one hand, people working in materials laboratories are fully competent to discuss the subject and also able to understand and use both the advantages and disadvantages of residual stresses. On the other hand, people working in the operational departments such as the product engineering department or the manufacturing engineering department do not often take into account these residual stresses. This situation is due to the complexity of the phenomenon and three areas could be recalled: firstly it is necessary to carry out a lot of experiments to work out specifications taking into account residual stresses; secondly, a lot of simple software for calculating residual stresses or for predicting the components behaviour do not exist; and thirdly the improvement of materials properties by residual stresses is related to an additional manufacturing operation which is expensive. However, one begins to find some applications in three topics: the correction of design defects, the improvement of material properties, the prediction of components behaviour. In this paper, we shall describe some examples from Renault experience to show how the knowledge about residual stresses are being transferred progressively towards the designers. For the correction of design defects, the first example is related to the local hammering of weld beads introduced at the production stage to improve the fatigue resistance of the rear axle of the R21 station wagon model; the shot peening of suspension arm of the Safrane model is the second example. The improvement of materials properties will be illustrated by gain in fatigue properties of connecting rods, springs and pinions by shot peeving and by the resulting specifications for the design of these components. For the prediction of components behaviour, we shall study the prediction of fatigue limit of a shot peening suspension arm, the prediction of quench induced dispersoids of gearbox axles and of residual stresses in a steel insert in an aluminium matrix, and the prediction of the springback effect after sheet metal forming.


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    Title :

    La prise en compte des contraintes residuelles dans l'industrie automobile


    Additional title:

    Die Berücksichtigung von Eigenspannungen in der Fahrzeugindustrie
    The use of residual stresses in automotive industry


    Contributors:
    Maeder, G. (author)


    Publication date :

    1997


    Size :

    8 Seiten, 11 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 3 Quellen



    Type of media :

    Article (Journal)


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    French




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