Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) began a cooperative research program (GasRail USA) aimed at demonstrating the environmental und economic benefits of using natural gas as a locomotive fuel in California und other parts of the United States in September 1993. The gas locomotive technology to be demonstrated focuses primarily on low exhaust emissions. The overall objective of the program is to develop und demonstrate a natural gas powered commuter locomotive with a 75 percent reduction in NO, compared to baseline diesel engine operation. To that end, six natural gas combustion technologies were designed, tested, und evaluated on an Electro-Motive Division of General Motors (EMD) single-cylinder 710 engine. This was done in order to make reasonable comparisons between each technology, and to develop a database (which did not exist) for determining the direction of the optimization und integration phases of the program. Combustion systems that were evaluated included conventional dual-fuel (CDF), mini-pilot open-chamber dual-fuel (MPOC), micro-pilot prechamber dual-fuel (MPPC), late-cycle high injection pressure dual fuel (LaCHIP), spark-ignited open-chamber (SIOC), and spark-ignited prechamber (SIPC). Each technology was tested at Notch 5, 100 percent load, Notch 8, 80 percent load, und Notch 8, 100 percent load conditions. The technologies were evaluated based on test results und best engineering estimates for reliability, durability, development costs, operating costs, as well as a number of other criteria that could not directly be measured in the testing. In general, all of the technologies produced significantly lower NO emissions than the baseline diesel engine. However, based on the very encouraging results obtained with the LaCHIP combustion technology, it was determined that it would be developed und optimized for the passenger locomotive application. Through careful design and development, the LaCHIP dual fuel combustion technology has been able to achieve a 75 % reduction in NO emission compared to baseline diesel engine operation.
Develoment of a low emissions, dual fuel locomotive
Entwicklung eines Zweistoff-Lokomotivmotors mit niedrigem Schadstoffaustoß
Dessau Gas Engine Conference, 1 ; 49-61
1999
13 Seiten, 7 Bilder, 5 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Gasmotor , Lokomotivmotor , Emissionsminderung , Stickstoffoxid , Systemvergleich , Dieselmotor , praktische Untersuchung , Versuchsanlage , Leistungsbewertung , Zuverlässigkeit , Lebensdauer , Betriebskosten , Herstellkosten , Verbrennungsraum , Hochdruck (Mechanik) , Zündverzug , Erdgas , Vielstoffmotor , Kraftstoffeinspritzung
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