This paper summarized a field study in Raleigh, NC, that integrated multiple measurement techniques to assess the spatial and temporal variability of a complex mixture of pollutants present in a near-road microenvironment. This study integrated several novel monitoring techniques to provide new insights on the impact of motor vehicle emissions on near-road air quality and adverse health effects, including the following items. (1) Real-time traffic and meteorological monitoring to assess the relationship of these factors on nearroad air quality and impacts. (2) Multipollutant and highly time-resolved measurements to evaluate the complex mixture and variability of pollutants present near roads. (3) Multilocation measurements, including mobile sampling, to identify the spatial zone of influence of motor vehicle-emitted pollutants. (4) Presence of roadside barriers and open terrain along the same stretch of limited-access highway to analyze the effect these structures have on air transport and pollutant concentrations. Results presented in this paper demonstrated the general air quality impacts of traffic emissions on the nearby highway and the relationship of these impacts to meteorological conditions. The data indicated that overall concentrations of known mobile source emitted gaseous (CO) and particulate (BC) pollutants were elevated near the road, and the concentrations of these pollutants generally increased with increasing traffic activity. The data also revealed a complex mixture of pollutants present near the road that followed this same general diurnal pattern, suggesting that populations spending significant amounts of time near a large roadway are subject to elevated concentrations of multiple air contaminants. In addition, elevated concentrations near the road did not occur only when winds were coming from the road, suggesting that pollutant meandering may contribute to the elevated exposures experienced near a road. Mobile monitoring results suggested that the presence of roadside structures, such as noise barriers, do affect air pollutant concentrations in the vicinity of the structure. Data from this study suggest a significant decrease in pollutant concentrations immediately behind the barrier with winds from the roadway.
Traffic and meteorological impacts on near-road air quality: Summary of methods and trends from the Raleigh near-road study
Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association ; 58 , 7 ; 865-878
2008
14 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 51 Quellen
Article (Journal)
English
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