Die Veröffentlichung beschreibt neuartige 3D Kamera Module die in Time-of-Flight Systemen für 3D Imaging benutzt werden. Die Keykomponenten sind Matrix- und Zeilen-Sensoren, welche die Entfernung zum Ziel pixelweise und parallel, d.h. ohne scannende Verfahren aufnehmen können. Daher verbinden diese Kameras die Vorteile einer schnellen Bildaufnahme mit hoher Lateralauflösung sowie die genaue Tiefenerfassung der Szene. Der Sensor besteht aus intelligenten Pixeln, den sog. 'Photonic Mixer Devices' (PMD) welche schnelle optische Erfassung und Demodulation von inkohärentem Licht in einem Device ermöglichen.

    The knowledge of three-dimensional data is essential for many control and navigation applications. Especially in the industrial and automotive environment a fast and reliable acquisition of 3D data has become a main requirement for future developments. This contribution describes novel 3D camera modules used in Time-of-Flight measurement systems for 3D imaging applications. The key components are array and line sensors which can measure the distance to the target pixelwise in parallel, i.e. without scanning. Therefore these cameras have the advantages of fast imaging and high lateral resolution combined with the depth information of the captured scene. The sensors consist of smart pixels, called the Photonic Mixer Device (PMD) which enables fast optical sensing and demodulation of incoherent light signals in one component. To realize a Photonic Mixer Device there are different techniques currently under investigation. Sensors are conceivable working with different types of electromagnetic waves, e.g. light, microwaves or ultrasound. In this paper two types of optical 3D-cameras with different PMDs are described. Each camera consists of a sensor chip, a modulated optical transmitter, control and processing electronics and software package. One camera is realized with standard CMOS technology based on Photogate (PG) PMD. The other sensor uses a different type of PMD, called Metal-Semiconductor-Metal (MSM) PMD. Beginning from the description of both PMD types and their characteristics the system concept is shown. Based on realized cameras the sensor architectures and system environment are described. Finally measurements are presented to show the performance of the cameras in terms of accuracy, resolution and suppression of background illumination.


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    Title :

    Chip Design & Charakterisierung für fahrzeugtaugliche 3D-Kameras (Teilprojekt 3). 3D-Sensorik für vorausschauende Sicherheitssysteme im Automobil (3D-SIAM), Abschlussbericht. Berichtszeitraum: 01.08.2001 - 1.07.2005


    Additional title:

    3D-camera of high 3D-frame rate, depth-resolution and background light elimination based on improved PMD (Photonic Mixer Device)-technologies


    Contributors:


    Publication date :

    2005


    Size :

    34 Seiten, 13 Bilder, 5 Quellen


    Type of media :

    Report


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    German