The development of hydrogen-fuelled engines requires accordingly equipped test benches which take respect to the particular chemical and physical properties of this fuel gas. In general, the safety precautions and basic instrumentation of a test bench operated with hydrogen are widely the same with such for other fuel gases; however, additional gas sensors of higher sensitivity and a higher air change rate in the test cell are required. In addition to that, selective local ventilation and suction devices may be recommendable in the vicinity of the test arrangement, as well as a sufficient vertical venting facility. Concerning the selection of materials for storage vessels, piping and devices which are in contact with the gas, there are certain limitations and mainly austenitic steels can be used. One of the main differences to conventional fuel gases is found in the storage; underground vessels or high pressure tanks like for LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) or CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) are not feasible or, at least, show strong limitations. A volume/mass- efficient storage requires a cryo-tank for deep-cold liquid hydrogen which is placed in the open air, so the naturally inevitable evaporation losses as well as accidentally leaking hydrogen may escape upwards. Around the vessel, a restricted area has to be maintained. For a better judgment of the gas distribution in the test room, flow calculations have been carried out which describe the propagation and mixing behavior of hydrogen. Valuable inputs for the design of the test cell ventilation have been derived thereof. Finally, a focus is drawn on selected metering devices for the hydrogen mass flow in order to highlight advantages and disadvantages for different applications.
Design criteria and instrumentation of hydrogen test benches
Entwurfskriterien und Instrumentierung von Wasserstoff-Prüfständen
2006
17 Seiten, 19 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 5 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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