Models that have been developed for wheel/rail rolling noise are generally linear in order to make use of a frequency-domain approach. In fact, the local elasticity between the wheel and the rail exhibits a non-linear stiffness behaviour due to geometrical effects. This is, therefore, usually linearised about a nominal static preload. For large defects on the wheel or rail surface, however, such an approach can no longer be used and a time-domain solution including the non-linearities is required. By using simplified models of the wheel and rail dynamics in such a time-stepping model, the effects of the non-linearities have been determined. It has been found that, for normal levels of surface roughness found on wheels and rails, the linear models give a satisfactory prediction. However, for larger defects, such as wheel flats or rail joints, the non-linear effects are found to be significant. A hybrid approach is used to predict the noise radiation due to such defects, for which more detailed dynamic models should be incorporated. The contact force from the nonlinear calculation is converted back to an equivalent roughness that can be used in a linear model for the response and noise radiation.
Wheel/rail rolling noise - The effects of non-linearities in the contact zone
2003
20 Seiten, 22 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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