Cervical spine whiplash or retraction-extension-flexion motion of the spine in response to a rear-end motor vehicle impact results from the interaction of the occupant's body with the restraint system, including the seat back, the head restraint, and the seat and shoulder belts. This manuscript describes studies from which design principles have been defined for development of a retrofit head restraint. This device may reduce intersegmental motions of the cervical spine in a rear-end impact and possibly lower the potential for whiplash injury. In these studies we have investigated the seating position of 719 drivers in their own cars, and have performed accident reconstruction and medical records reviews of victims of 432 actual low-damage accidents. In addition, we have performed staged rear end impacts involving 33 runs with 11 human volunteers, and tested the impact properties of 6 seats with a standard head restraint and a prototype retrofit device. From these studies have come four design criteria for a prototype anti-whiplash retrofit head restraint. Pilot testing has shown that the retro-fit anti-whiplash head restraint attenuates the motion of the head and torso in a simulated rear-end impact.
Development of a retrofit car seat head restraint with application to prevention of cervical spine whiplash injury
Entwicklung einer nachrüstbaren Autokopfstütze zur gezielten Vermeidung eines Schleudertraumas der Halswirbelsäule
2000
18 Seiten, 11 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 27 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Autositz , Energieabsorption , Entwicklungsrichtung , Entwurfsparameter , Fahrzeugsicherheit , Halswirbelsäule , Kraftfahrzeug , Krankenbericht , Sicherheitseinrichtung (Fahrzeuginsasse) , Sicherheitsgurt , Simulation von Vorgängen , Unfallanalyse , Unfalldiagnostik , Kopfstütze , Auffahrunfall , Schleudertrauma , Nachrüstung
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