Policy impact modeling procedures were used to assess the effects of relaxing automotive emission standards for carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NO/sub x/) through 1986 to those levels in effect for 1980 model-year automobiles. These effects were compared with those resulting from retention of the current, more-stringent emission standards with respect to automobile characterization (the effect of emission control equipment on vehicle cost and performance), distribution of automobile stock and sales by size class and technology, urban travel demand, and total energy consumption. A specific metropolitan area was further analyzed to estimate total vehicle emissions, project average ambient concentrations of NO/sub x/, and examine the NO/sub x/-related health effects resulting from the relaxation of emission standards. Among the principal findings of the assessment was the identification of a powerful latent market for cost-competitive vehicles with lower operating costs than comparable gasoline- or diesel-powered cars but only slightly inferior performance. The potential availability of such vehicles in the near future increases the likelihood of a continuing reduction in petroleum-fuel-related vehicular emission, although such a reduction was not explicitly credited in the analysis. The NO/sub x/ analysis showed that NO/sub x/ concentrations harmful to health generally occurred only in houses with gas stoves or in the interiors of vehicles in dense traffic. Retention of the current NO/sub x/ standards could produce an 18% decrease in health effects for vehicle occupants. (ERA citation 08:055949)


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    Title :

    Effects of Relaxing Automobile Emission Standards: A Generic Analysis and an Urban Case Study


    Contributors:
    C. L. Saricks (author) / M. K. Singh (author) / S. J. LaBelle (author) / K. M. Novak (author) / M. D. Rowe (author)

    Publication date :

    1983


    Size :

    145 pages


    Type of media :

    Report


    Type of material :

    No indication


    Language :

    English




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