The invention relates to a gradient density thermal protection material and a preparation method thereof. The gradient density thermal protection material sequentially comprises a low-density thermal insulation layer, a medium-density thermal protection layer and a high-density ablation layer, the low-density heat insulation layer comprises light filler and resin; the medium-density heat-proof layer comprises a light filler, a heat-proof filler, chopped fibers and resin; the high-density ablation layer comprises a high-temperature-resistant ceramic filler and resin; the light filler is hollow glass beads and/or thermal expansion microspheres; the heat-proof filler is one or more of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon carbide, silicon boride and boron nitride. The material provided by the invention is gradually transited from ablation resistance and heat protection to heat insulation, and has the integrated functional characteristics of heat protection, heat insulation and shape maintenance; good interface adhesion is achieved between the gradient layers, and the structure and composition of the composite material are continuously changed in space based on material gradient design, so that different advantages of multiple components can be better exerted, and low-cost controllable preparation of the gradient density thermal protection material is achieved.
本发明涉及一种梯度密度热防护材料及其制备方法,所述梯度密度热防护材料依次包括低密度隔热层、中密度防热层和高密度烧蚀层;低密度隔热层包含轻质填料和树脂;中密度防热层包含轻质填料、防热填料、短切纤维和树脂;高密度烧蚀层包含耐高温陶瓷填料和树脂;轻质填料为空心玻璃微珠和/或热膨胀微球;防热填料为氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化锆、碳化硅、硼化硅、氮化硼中的一种或多种。本发明中的材料由耐烧蚀、防热向隔热逐渐过渡,兼具防热、隔热、维形一体化功能特性;梯度层之间具有良好的界面粘接性,且基于材料梯度设计,使复合材料的结构与组成在空间连续变化,从而能更好地发挥多种组分的不同优势,实现梯度密度热防护材料的低成本可控制备。
Gradient density thermal protection material and preparation method thereof
一种梯度密度热防护材料及其制备方法
2024-01-23
Patent
Electronic Resource
Chinese
IPC: | B32B LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM , Schichtkörper, d.h. aus Ebenen oder gewölbten Schichten, z.B. mit zell- oder wabenförmiger Form, aufgebaute Erzeugnisse / B29B PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED , Vorbereiten oder Vorbehandeln der zu verformenden Masse / B29C Formen oder Verbinden von Kunststoffen , SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS / B64C AEROPLANES , Flugzeuge |
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