This chapter describes the properties of the atmosphere and defines the precise meanings of sea level, elevation, height, altitude, and flight level (FL). The instruments that determine altitude, rate of climb or descent, airspeed, and Mach number by measuring static and dynamic air pressure are described. The chapter explains the operation of traditional direct‐reading instruments, as these are still used in the majority of general aviation aircraft and some commercial aircraft. It also describes the operation of the Air Data Computer (ADC) and how it processes and displays the relevant output data in the cockpit. Pressure instruments use atmospheric pressure to determine altitude and airspeed, but the pressure at a specific height varies with position on the Earth and also changes from day to day. In order to calibrate pressure instruments, a model that establishes an averaged universal set of conditions is used and referred to as the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA).
Pressure Instruments
Aircraft Systems ; 67-122
2018-11-09
56 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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