Satellites are a critical part of the technology infrastructure of modern society. This is made painfully obvious when major satellite anomalies and failures occur that reveal how dependent we are on the communications and other services that satellites provide. In this chapter, we review the history of spacecraft charging and the satellite anomalies it has caused. The first section covers surface charging, which was the first phenomenon to appear, and a later section reviews internal charging. It will be observed that rates of anomalies have risen with the introduction of new satellite technologies and fallen as the spacecraft engineering community improves their designs, only to rise again in newer generations of spacecraft. Space science (also called space weather) has played critical roles in establishing charging as the cause of the anomalies and by defining environments for engineers to use to analyze and test their satellite designs. The chapter concludes with a discussion of future collaborative efforts between the satellite engineering and space science communities that are needed to mature the understanding of space weather effects on satellites. Better predictions of space weather effects on satellites are needed to accurately assess the impacts of a one in 100‐year or 300‐year space weather event, which to date satellites have yet to experience, but which is conjectured to have dire to cataclysmic consequences to society (Nat. Res. Council, 2008), extrapolating from the anomalies that have been observed.


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    Title :

    Effects of Space Radiation on Contemporary Space‐Based Systems II


    Subtitle :

    Spacecraft Internal and External Charging and Discharging Effects




    Publication date :

    2021-03-19


    Size :

    49 pages





    Type of media :

    Article/Chapter (Book)


    Type of material :

    Electronic Resource


    Language :

    English




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    Radiation effects in space

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