Rapidly‐changing global demand for expanded and affordable high‐speed internet access and telecommunications has created new markets for commercial satellite (COMSAT) industry providers. Similarly, increased need for network capacity and wider coverage with fifth‐generation cellular networking has revolutionized the satellite manufacturing industry. In parallel, traditional on‐orbit applications such as communications, Earth observation and weather monitoring, navigation, and space science become more versatile due to new and enabling satellite bus and payload technologies. Manned spacecraft such as the International Space Station (ISS) and crew transport vehicles have also established new capabilities and longer mission durations with the advanced energy storage technologies. Lithium‐ion battery (LIB)‐based electrical power systems (EPS) have emerged as the key enabling technology to meet these increasing satellite mission requirements. Innovative LIB design features such as the use of high specific energy (Wh/kg) commercial‐off‐the‐shelf (COTS) Li‐ion cells in spacecraft EPS have provided lower mass and decreased cost options to the spacecraft manufacturers. Additional improvements in the power density of the state‐of‐practice (SOP) LIB are required for the increasing power demands of spacecraft payloads. This chapter describes the general characteristics of Earth orbiting spacecraft LIB‐based EPS. Key design features affecting the electrical, mechanical, thermal, and safety performance characteristics of specific spacecraft and their impact on LIBs are also discussed.
Earth‐Orbiting Satellite Batteries
2022-12-02
30 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
lithium‐ion batteries , LEO , GEO , MEO , HEO , BOL , EOL , lunar orbit , Lagrange point , electrical power system , COTS , COMSAT , state‐of‐practice , ISS , Cubesat , James Webb Space Telescope , Van Allen Probes , GPM , LRO , SDO , SOP , SAFER , Sentinel‐1 , Galileo , NASA
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