With increasing urbanization and the development of technologies that support automated fare collection, policy makers need decision-support tools to evaluate differentiated public transit fare pricing policies. However, the state-of-the-art tools that consider congestion effects account only for additive fares. A stochastic user equilibrium model with elastic demand was extended to handle nonadditive station-to-station–based fares and was solved by using a method of successive averages. In this paper, an illustrative example is used to show how simple price elasticities alone are not enough to predict the effects of a fare on demand within even a simple eight-node congested network. The first case study of a fare pricing policy was conducted in Toronto, Ontario, Canada; in this case, a distance-based policy was used for the Toronto Transit Commission subway system with respect to downtown and nondowntown subpopulations. The analysis found that compared with the base scenario of a Can$3 fixed fare, there are Pareto-improving fare policies (e.g., fixed rate of Can$2 and variable rate of Can$0.06/km), but the same policy might not be Pareto-improving for all subpopulations. These findings call for more sophisticated fare pricing policies for Toronto (e.g., zone-based) that can cater to specific needs of subpopulations.
Nonadditive Public Transit Fare Pricing Under Congestion with Policy Lessons from a Case Study in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Transportation Research Record
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board ; 2544 , 1 ; 28-37
2016-01-01
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Transportation Research Record | 2016
|Impacts of Transit Priority on Signal Coordination: Case Study of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Transportation Research Record | 2012
|Impacts of Transit Priority on Signal Coordination: Case Study of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Online Contents | 2012
|Analysis of Transit Safety at Signalized Intersections in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Online Contents | 2009
Analysis of Transit Safety at Signalized Intersections in Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Transportation Research Record | 2009
|