At the end of 1997, Toyota has launched a hybrid passenger car 'PRIUS' in Japan as the first mass-produced hybrid car based on a new hybrid concept. The production has exceeded a total of 15000 units in November 1998 and is continued with 2000 units per month. This system supplies power to the wheel from a gasoline engine and/or an electric motor. After a detailed research the gasoline port injection engine has been chosen due to its advantages to other primary energy powerplants like gasoline direct injection, diesel or CNG-engine. The powersplit and speed control for engine and motor is done by an planetary gear mechanism controlled by a second generator/motor unit. This system functions as an electronically controlled continuously variable transmission and allows to combine power from the gasoline engine and electric motor as well as to drive with each of the powertrains individually, depending on vehicle speed and acceleration demand from the diver. Energy storage device is newly developed high-output Ni-MH battery with its storage capacity optimized to achieve outstanding fuel economy and driving performance. Battery life, guaranteed for 100000 km, is ensured by a special control strategy for the state of charge. Computer control is used to optimize engine fuel consumption and exhaust emissions, to stop and start the engine and to apply regenrative braking. The newly developed 1.5 l gasoline engine achieves high combustion efficiency through the application of the high expansion ratio Atkinson cycle. In Japanese driving conditions, the Toyota realizes approximately twice the fuel economy of a comparable conventional model with automatic transmission and shows a high potential in terms of minimizing exhaust emissions. The rate of fuel consumption improvement is however highly depending on the driving conditions on the road.
TOYOTA Prius - development and market experiences
TOYOTA Prius - Entwicklung und Markterfahrungen
1999
13 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 8 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Hybridantrieb , Personenkraftwagen , Otto-Motor , Elektromotor , Planetengetriebe , stufenloses Getriebe , elektronische Regelung , Fahrzeugantrieb , galvanische Batterie , Kapazität (galvanisches Element) , Kraftstoffverbrauch , Kraftstoffeinsparung , Wirkungsgrad , Japan , Fahrzeugbremse , Energierückgewinnung , Bremsgenerator , Abgasemission
TOYOTA Prius - Development and market experiences
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