The cold-start emissions from a modern 4-valve engine have been studied during the critical period of cranking and early firing when the catalyst is inoperative. With reference gasoline, the mixture ratio burned within the cylinder was considerably different to that of the constant supply ratio and changed continuously during the early stages of engine operation, giving poor control of emissions. Using a single-component low boiling point fuel (Isopentane), however, resulted in the fast development of a stable in-cylinder fuel-air ratio, giving rapid starting with no fuel enrichment, even at sub-zero temperatures. Considerable reductions in unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide could be achieved by starting engines on such a fuel, although oxides of nitrogen may need further control.
The use of volatile liquid fuel to reduce cold-start emissions from a spark-ignition engine
Verwendung leicht entzündlicher Flüssigkraftstoffe zur Reduzierung der Kaltstart-Emissionen bei fremdgezündeten Motoren
1997
22 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 5 Quellen
Conference paper
English
The use of volatile liquid fuel to reduce cold-start emissions from a spark-ignition engine
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