A Human Powered Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HPHEV) is defined as a bicycle (or three or four wheeler) that provides power assist to human pedal power through a motor/battery/controller system. An increasing number of manufacturers and developers are introducing HPHEV's into the marketplace in the United States, Europe and Asia. Power from the drive motor is transmitted to either front or rear bicycle wheel by friction, chain, belt, or directly by a motor built into the wheel hub. Sealed lead-acid and nickel-cadmium batteries provide range, on flat terrain, from 10 to 30 km. Controllers also can provide regenerative braking. HPHEV's have all the electrical components and characteristics of an EV. As riders in growing number begin to enjoy the HPHEV experience, there should be greater understanding and acceptance of EV's and HEV's in the marketplace. As laws now demand decreasing auto usage to the workplace, the introduction of HGHEV's for short range commuting should contribute to meeting the requirements of these laws.
Human powered hybrid electric vehicles (HPHEV) as a pathway to EV and HEV acceptance
Muskelkraft-Hybridelektrofahrzeug als ein Pfad zur Akzeptanz des Elektro- und Elektrohybridfahrzeugs
EVS, International Electric Vehicle Symposium, 12 ; 1 ; 244-251
1994
8 Seiten, 8 Bilder
Conference paper
English
Human Powered Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HPHEV) as a Pathway to EV and HEV Acceptance
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