The performance of tungsten single crystals as kinetic energy penetrator materials was investigated in a high length-to-diameter (L/D) rod geometry at sub-scale (1/4 geometric scale). The (111), (110), and (100) crystal orientations were tested in this 74-g L/D = 15 geometry penetrator (6.90-mm diameter x 102.5-mm length). Several 93 % tungsten alloy and uranium 3/4 titanium rod geometries were also tested to baseline expected performance of typical penetrator material/geometry combinations. Performance was determined for semi-infinite penetration into RHA steel and finite penetration into 76.20-mm RHA steel. Of the orientations tested, the (100) orientation provided the best ballistic results, with superior performance to mass and geometric equivalent 93 % tungsten alloy rods. The (100) orientation also provided similar performance to geometric equivalent uranium 3/4 titanium rods. Favorable slip/cleavage during the compressive loading of the penetration process to allow penetrator material flow without large scale plastic deformation, and, final shear localization at a favorable angle for easy material flow away from the penetration interface, contribute to the (100) orientation crystals' excellent performance. The net result was less energy expenditure during penetrator flow and, therefore, more energy for deformation of RHA.
Orientation dependence of deformation and penetration behavior of tungsten single-crystal rods
Richtungsabhängigkeit der Verformung und Eindringverhalten von Stangen aus Wolfram-Einkristallen
1991
8 Seiten, 11 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 8 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Tungsten single crystal sheet.
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