In this paper, we use convex optimization techniques to solve the problem of sizing the three major components of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, i.e. the battery, the electric motor, and the engine generator unit. To define the problem as a convex optimization problem, the model of the vehicle and components are approximated as convex functions. We mainly focus on the effect of driving behaviors on component sizing. The driving cycles used in the optimization are generated stochastically by Markov chains, to represent behavior of drivers with different driving distance distributions. The results show that the size of the EM for a series PHEV is decided by performance requirements. To provide the enough power to the EM, the sum of EGU and battery power has to be equal to or higher than the power of the EM. The size of the engine generator unit and battery, however, are primarily affected by the distribution of trip lengths. For instance, for a driver that often drives short distances, a vehicle with a small battery is optimal. If the driver drives longer distances, the optimal battery size increases, while the EGU size decreases. these characteristics are similar to the characteristics of an electric vehicles. However, as the trips get even longer, the optimal battery size decrease suddenly, as for an HEV. In this particular study, we have specifically focused on the distribution of trip lengths. We have made several driving cycles stochastically from real data in order to gain general results in the sense that they are not dependent on a specific trip. However, these synthesized trips should be analyzed in greater detail to verify that they include most of the real life driving conditions. We have also used only an energy optimized battery, which is more appropriate for PHEV or EV vehicles, whereas for HEVs, an energy optimized battery is more suitable. Future work can also include using different battery types with different prices.
Effect of driving patterns on components sizing of a series PHEV
2013
6 Seiten, Bilder, Tabellen, Quellen
Conference paper
English
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