This paper proposes a methodology for development of representative duty cycles for experimental evaluations of electric motor performance and reliability. Three duty cycles are synthesised based on analytical analysis of interactions in the parallel HEV (Hybrid Electric Vehicle) being driven over a real-world route, namely in the free-flow traffic, mild traffic congestion and traffic congestion. To remove the randomness from the process, the information used to synthesise the real-world motor duty-cycles is extracted from reference time-histories of load and speed that corresponds to optimally controlled hybrid power train. The reference load cycles are generated using DP and the simulation framework of the single-shaft parallel hybrid electric bus. The optimal load cycles are found on the 37 real-world bus trips measure on the No. 121 bus route in Beijing. The cycle information is extracted in the form of TPM, and synthetic cycles are constructed using Markov chain. The representativeness of the load cycles is subsequently assessed by comparing the statistical criteria between the values from the synthetic cycles and the averaged values from the real-world optimal load cycles. This approach, particularly adapted to the electric machine cycle synthesis, can be extended by using more extensive database including different bus routes, thus eventually significantly reducing the number of experiments otherwise demanding extensive experimental cases to manage all possible electric machine operations in real world. The three representative cycles provided in the paper are shown using normalised speed and load schedules and therefore can be applied to different e-motors regardless of their size and specifications, as long as the power train configuration is judged to be similar enough to the HEV bus investigated here.
Development of electric machine duty cycles for parallel hybrid electric Beijing city bus based on Markov chain
Parallelhybrid-Stadtbus Beijing; Entwicklung der Elektromaschinen-Einschaltdauern auf Basis von Markov-Ketten
International Journal of Vehicle Design ; 58 , 2-4 ; 348-366
2012
19 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 4 Tabellen, 12 Quellen
Article (Journal)
English
Markov-Kette , Anwendung in der Elektrotechnik und Elektronik , Anwendung im Fahrzeugbau , Hybridfahrzeug , Zuverlässigkeit , Linienbusverkehr , Stadtbus , Einschaltdauer , Betriebsverhalten , Antriebsregler , Antriebsregelung , Rechnersimulation , Parallelhybridantrieb , Fahrgeschwindigkeit , Auslegung (Dimension) , technische Entwicklung , Elektromaschinensteuerung
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