Highly power energy storage systems are necessary for the new age of electric vehicles. Lithium ion batteries have the advantage of high energy density, good aging characteristics and high efficiency, but at the same time the thermal range of operation is limited. By temperature under 0 deg C, the power capacity of the lithium battery is reduced about 70% and by temperature over 40 deg C irreversible damage (over 70 deg C also thermal runaway) could happened. Hence an efficient and accurate thermal management is necessary. A battery cooling system is analyzed and designed with aid of numerical tools; the authors propose a modeling methodology starting with CFD and ending at a low dimensional but accurate compact thermal model for system level simulation. This model is ready to be coupled with other physical domains like electrical, chemical and mechanical. Detailed CFD simulation is performed to analyze the air flow over corrugated channels. Heat transfer coefficients are calculated with CFD and then used in a finite element (FEM) thermal model of of Li ion battery pack with one-dimensional flow (FLUID116). After that model reduction produces a compact thermal model for system level simulation. The electrical Li ion battery model is based on the work of Bergveld, Kruijit and Notten, and can be classified as semi-physical. It is based on electrochemical equations developed by a group of Prof Newman but with simplified assumptions to speed model simulation. The parameters of the model still have some physical meaning but they should be determined during a parameterization procedure. The battery model is developed in VHDL-AMS that make it simple to use in many different environments.
Electro-thermal simulation and experimental validation of Lithium ion battery for EV/HEV applications
2010
11 Seiten, 11 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 12 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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