The hydrogen fueled ICE will play a significant role as the future automotive propulsion system. When high power density and instant power availability are required the hydrogen engine will be the best choice. Until now most hydrogen internal combustion engine concepts had low power density, high NO(x)-emissions and poor full load efficiency resulting in a limited vehicle range. Unlike naturally aspirated hydrogen engine concepts using external mixture formation, hydrogen direct injection has the potential of increasing maximum power output as well as eliminating any exhaust emission. BMW has achieved a breakthrough by successfully applying this technology onto a test engine. The test-results show that compared with gasoline engines an increased specific engine load can easily be achieved. Operated as a naturally aspirated engine, indicated mean effective pressures can be increased by more than 20 % over that of a comparable production gasoline engine. At full and part load operation, combustion analysis and simulations were used to optimize the engine for hydrogen combustion. In combining internal with external mixture formation a strategy to avoid any unwanted exhaust gas emissions and at the same time increasing engine efficiency, was successfully deployed. By the means of thermodynamical analysis, such as pressure curve analysis, 1-dimensional flow simulation and 3-dimensional flow calculations the potentials a combustion concept custom-engineered for hydrogen are shown and future perspectives are given.
A high-efficient combustion concept for direct injection hydrogen internal combustion engines
Ein Verbrennungskonzept mit hohem Wirkungsgrad für Verbrennungsmotoren mit direkter Wasserstoffinjektion
2004
13 Seiten, 17 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 12 Quellen
Conference paper
Storage medium
English
Direct injection in internal-combustion engines
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