Pipe bends are commonly used components in a piping system. They are very flexible compared to the straight pipes. Pipe bend normally reduces the reaction forces and moments within the piping system under thermal loading and it becomes easier to satisfy the stress limits. Because of this increased flexibility, they are forced to accommodate large displacements arising from the differential thermal movements. However, care must be taken so that deformations of the bend remain predominantly elastic. Otherwise, the resistance to deformation may decrease rapidly leading to the failure of the system. In the last two decades, reliability methods have been extensively used to calibrate rationally-based Load and Resistance Factored Design (LRFD) equations for the design of offshore and onshore pipelines. Several experimental and theoretical studies have been carried out with the aim to assess the strength and deformation capacity of induction bends, when buried and subject to severe and extreme loading conditions such as the ones caused by an earthquake crisis. Design criteria for induction bends do not reflect the R & D efforts of the recent years and working stress design in generally accepted by the Industry. The scope of this paper is: Review the relevant literature on bends discussing analytical solutions, numerical analyses and experimental tests carried out aiming to predict the limit loads/deformations of induction bends and to define design criteria for induction bends. Discuss the ABAQUS Finite Element Model (FEM) developed; Present the FEM development, calibration and validation; Show the parametric study results considering relevant parameters including bend geometry (wall thickness and bend angle), fabrication tolerances (thickness variation, bend cross section etc.), steel material characteristics (hardening and shape), and loading conditions (inner pressure, steel axial force, bending moment under closing and opening mode).


    Access

    Access via TIB

    Check availability in my library

    Order at Subito €


    Export, share and cite



    Title :

    Deformation capacity of induction bends


    Additional title:

    Verformungsvermögen im Induktionsverfahren gefertigter Rohrbögen


    Contributors:


    Publication date :

    2006


    Size :

    12 Seiten, 17 Bilder, 4 Tabellen, 63 Quellen



    Type of media :

    Conference paper


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    English




    Deformation and ductile cracking behavior of X80 grade induction bends

    Muraoka, R. / Ishikawa, N. / Endo, S. et al. | Tema Archive | 2002


    Large diameter induction bends in material grade X80 fabricated from TMCP material

    Muthmann, Elke / Kaluza, Walter / Liedtke, Markus et al. | Tema Archive | 2010


    BENDS IN COMPOSITE PANELS

    European Patent Office | 2021

    Free access

    Vehicles through 90^* bends

    Tan, H. / Ward, B. / Australian Road Research Board | British Library Conference Proceedings | 1994


    BENDS IN COMPOSITE PANELS

    STEPHEN M YOUNG / CARL AARON DAVISON / WILL GEORGE PFEFFER | European Patent Office | 2018

    Free access