This paper is an extract from an extensive dissertation which deals comprehensively with the eye movement behaviour of the human eye while driving a car in dynamic traffic. The activity of a driver while steering a car can be summarized as follows: The driver observes the movements of his own vehicle and corrects these movements when necessary. As soon as he notes a deviation from the desired value, a correction is carried out. The absorption of information, which as a principle always happens with the collaboration of all senses, helps making decisions about setting the respective desired values, i.e. the best way of driving. The seeing process takes up the essential role in this collaboration, its share is estimated to be more than 90%. The eye is also the only source of information for the judgement of distances, and therefore for the perception of movement of other participants in traffic (e.g. car drivers, cyclists or pedestrians), but also for the perception of traffic signs and other objects. In order not to overlook any information, all necessary information should be arranged or marked in the traffic area, in a way so that the car driver perceives them more or less automatically and is able to evaluate them considering the specific situation. Based on results of earlier studies on eye movement behaviour of car drivers, the paper describes some fundamental research on eye movement behaviour of car drivers. The three-dimensional fixation behaviour on different road types, different traffic densities and at different times of the day is analysed. Subject to the analysis were: streets in a built-up area, country roads, and motorways. The three-dimensional distribution of the fixation points show very clearly the areas from which the driver draws the information he needs for driving. The horizontal and vertical velocities of eye movements have been determined by means of a modified video eye-tracking system (ETS-PC) produced by ASL.
Eye movement behaviour of car drivers
Augenbewegungsverhalten von Fahrzeugfahrern
2005
13 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 8 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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