Information obtained through neutron examination techniques complements that obtained by other techniques (x-rays, TEM, SEM, and magnetic flux leakage) and can reveal significant properties of investigated materials for pipelines, optimizing performance and reliability of components during fabrication, installation, and maintenance. Adopting neutron techniques is becoming more useful as a method of nanostructural and atomic-scale characterization of materials and components of industrial interest. Especially with reference to such permanent structures as offshore pipelines, it is important that the reliability of welded joints be confirmed. Even the presence of a microcrack following welding can undermine the entire pipeline, with enormous potenpiptial economic and ecological consequences. This article looks at the basic theoretical aspects of neutron diffraction for RS (residual stress) measurements and SANS (small-angle neutron scattering) for microstructural characterization. Particular attention is paid to precipitates and inhomogeneitites in the distribution of elements, which are among the major factors defining a joint's behavior. Pipeline applications of both techniques are presented: an RS assessment of pipe weldings and SANS investigations of pipe materials. Information obtained by such applications can improve design, production, and maintenance and contribute to the development of a nanoscopic safety criterion to forecast possible features.
Neutron examination techniques applied to pipelines
Die Anwendung von Neutronenmesstechniken auf Pipelines
Oil and Gas Journal ; 103 , 36 ; 59-64
2005
6 Seiten, 5 Bilder, 14 Quellen
Article (Journal)
English
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