Fuel cell electric vehicles are attracted attention in the viewpoint of global warming and drain on fossil fuel resources, comparing to conventional vehicles. The fuel cell electric vehicle has fuel supply systems of an on-board system or an on-site system. In this paper, the authors have proposed ammonia as a fuel for the on-board system. Ammonia is easy to be liquefied at a normal temperature only by compression, and can be easily dissociated into high-content hydrogen and nitrogen under a suitable catalyst by heating. Because ammonia as a carbon free fuel has an advantage to environmental problems, it has a potential as a liquid fuel for the fuel cell electric vehicle. However, residual ammonia by 13 ppm or more causes decrease of the output of fuel cells. So the on-board system must completely dissociate ammonia by separating the residual ammonia from hydrogen. The in-vehicle system consists of a vaporizer, a dissociator, a heat exchanger, a residual ammonia separator and a distiller, etc. The purpose of this study is to design the ammonia circulation system. The experiment examines concentrations of ammonia after dissociation at various temperatures, pressures, space velocities, etc. In order to separate residual ammonia, the ammonia separator uses the fact that ammonia dissolves well in water. Then the ammonia water is distilled in the distiller. The on-board system fuel cell electric vehicle of ammonia fuel has the possibility to the future as the new concept vehicle.
An ammonia dissociation system for fuel cell electric vehicles
Ammoniakdissoziationssystem für Elektrofahrzeuge mit Brennstoffzellenantrieb
incl. COST 346 - Final Conference, Transport and Air Pollution, International Symposium, 14 ; 156-163
2005
8 Seiten, 11 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 4 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Hybrid Vehicles, Electric Vehicles, Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles
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