Driving forces for the development of solutions for the wastewater treatment on ships are mainly ecological and economical aspects. Furthermore the wastewater treatment plants on board ships have to be adapted to requirements resulting from different features related to plant design, process technology and operational aspects. The solution in the past was biological treatment and the addition of chlorine in order to disinfect wastewater before passing it overboard. Alternatives that are offered nowadays include one stream solutions, treating grey and black water together using membrane bioreactors based on ultrafiltration. Another option is a two stream solution, using low pressure reverse osmosis for the purification of grey water and a membrane bioreactor for the treatment of black water, RO concentrate and galley water. Main component of the ultrafiltration and the low pressure reverse osmosis plants presented as example for decentralised sanitation and reuse is the FM (Flat Membrane) module developed specifically for the separation of bacteria, viruses and particles in the sub-micron range from water with high fouling potential. The combination of open channel construction and narrow gap technology realised in this module allows for exceptional cleanability and high availability, as well as, high fluxes with low energy demand. There are in operation several plants of this technology and it can be concluded that after the pioneering time and introduction phase for these technologies the plants are working reliable. The operational results show, that the limit values imposed by legislation can be achieved. Technical details and results are discussed.
Wastewater treatment with membrane technology on board cruise ships as example for decentralised sanitation and reuse
Abwasserbehandlung mit Membrantechnologie an Bord von Kreufahrtschiffen als Beispiel für eine dezentrale Gesundheitsmaßnahme und Wiederverwendbarkeit
2003
11 Seiten, 7 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 5 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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