The Hydraulic Hybrid Vehicle obtains energy for propulsion from two different sources, the Intemal Combustion Engine (ICE) and a hydraulic pump/motor. Braking torque is supplied by operating the unit as a pump, and thus storing the otherwise lost kinetic energy of the slowing vehicle. During acceleration the unit is operated as a motor, using the stored energy to assist propulsion. A model of the systems was developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment then implemented into the automotive simulator ADVISOR. This paper outlines the procedures used for optimisation studies within ADVISOR, to find the ideal combination of system parameters, e.g., pump/motor displacement, accumulator size and pressures, that yield the best results for fuel consumption for a standard urban drive cycle. Shown in this paper are the results from the design optimisation algorithm DlRECT applied to a hydraulic hybrid automotive powertrain. The automotive simulation package ADVISOR was used to generate the objective function (fuel economy), using the Federal Urban Driving Schedule to generate the estimate. The design variables were all component sizes from the hydraulic regenerative system. A marginal improvement in fuel economy from 3.860 to 3.9334 mpg was recorded (approximately 2 %). It must be noted here that a major goal of the project is to retrofit the system to the existing vehicle, therefore no changes to the baseline powertrain have been made. This exercise has focussed on the PDREMS sizes only, therefore, to increase the fuel economy gains by a greater margin would require optimisation applied to the entire vehicle driveline (ICE size, etc). To achieve a greater increase again the' optimisation process would need to be applied to the PDREMS control strategy. This will be included in further postgraduate research at Monash. It was found in this study that using ADVISOR combined with small time-steps (0.1 seconds) resulted in the DIRECT algorithm being unable to find the global optimum configuration. The reason for this would be the subject of further research into this area. At the time of writing, the gradient based algorithm (FMINCON) was unable to achieve satisfactory results, therefore only the DIRECT results were used for the analysis. Future research into this area will involve optimisation routines applied to the minimisation of vehicle emissions. Restricting the work regarding vehicle emissions is the availability of reliable data.
Optimisation of a hybrid diesel-hydraulic automotive powertrain using ADVISOR, Matlab and Simulink
Optimierung eines diesel-hydraulischen Fahrzeug-Antriebs mit ADVISOR, Matlab und Simulink
2003
9 Seiten, 6 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 13 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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