This paper describes the state and future trends of the conventional vehicles as well as advanced vehicles. The leading types of automobiles in the 21st century are likely to be of the following types. 1. Internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs): gasoline engines, diesel engines, synthetic fuel engines, natural gas engines. 2. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs): series HEVs, parallel HEVs, series/parallel HEV. 3. Electric vehicles (EVs). 4. Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs). Although different types of clean-energy vehicles have been introduced, they are unlikely to replace conventional gasoline-powered and diesel-powered vehicles yet. This is because the refuelling and maintenance infrastructure, cost, cruising distance and convenience remain inferior to those of conventional vehicles, resulting in lack of consumer interest. Only HEVs can presently be regarded as alternative energy vehicles that have the potential to rank alongside conventional vehicles in terms of cost and convenience since their fuel costs are every low, although they cost more than conventional vehicles. The inclusion of gasoline and diesel engines in HEV is likely to be the future direction of development. Hybrid technology will play an increasingly important role in the immediate future even if petroleum products play a declining role as automotive fuels.


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    Title :

    Automotive power source in 21st century


    Additional title:

    Energiequelle für Fahrzeuge im 21. Jahrhundert


    Contributors:
    Morita, K. (author)

    Published in:

    JSAE Review ; 24 , 1 ; 3-7


    Publication date :

    2003


    Size :

    5 Seiten, 9 Bilder, 14 Quellen




    Type of media :

    Article (Journal)


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    English




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