With deregulation in the trucking industry low-cost efficient operation became a key to sucess. The trucking industry now has faced rising fuel costs and government regulations and now tries to reduce engine idling when a vehicle is not in operation. The net result is short battery life and serious engine starting problems under all weather conditions. Simulation results show that incorporation of a capacitor in the starting system can increase peak rotation rate of the engine and at the same time reduce total system mass and volume. For example, engine peak rotation rate for a two-battery / 120 kJ capacitor system is 51 % higher than that of a four-battery system. The combination system is 66 lb lighter than the four-batttery system. Study results clearly show that for combination systems having two or three batteries, the most advantageous way to incorporate a capacitor is at a voltage rating greater than the battery voltage. This implementation approach produces higher engine rotation rates than provided by a 13 V capacitor with the same energy. Consequently, a smaller (lowest cost) capacitor can be used to achieve the same performance. Capacitor implementation in such mixed-voltage systems can be done, for example, using a dual-voltage alternator, a dc-ac boost converter, voltage-sensing alternator, or a transformer-equipped alternator. The mixed-voltage approach does not subject the starter motor to a voltage excess of its ratings. This study examined general approaches for using battery-capacitor combinations in diesel engine starting. First-order models of each component were used to simulate starting performance. More sophisticated models are needed in order to optimize a particular system. This includes using a better model for the starter motor, one that accounts for starter reaction to the system rather than simply a time-varying current sink. And it would include using better battery and capacitor models. Both should include features that provide more accurate dynamic response. Finally, experimental data that relates engine peak rotation rate to work performed by the starter at one second would be useful. Then information as to whether the engine rotation rate reached a level sufficient for engine start would become known.
Diesel engine starting using battery-capacitor combinations
Start von Dieselmotoren mit einer Batterie-Kondensator-Kombination
2001
8 Seiten, 12 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 21 Quellen
Conference paper
English
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