Three different fuel cell system parameters (reformer time constant, fuel cell system size, and fuel utilization rate of the stack) as well as two different simple control strategies were investigated with respect to their primary impacts on the indirect-methanol fuel cell system and vehicle (FCV) dynamic response to transient power demands. The principal results are: 1. Below a response time of 3 seconds (10% to 90% max flow), the vehicle transient response is mainly determined by the electric drive train and vehicle parameters, but not directly by the reformer time constant. 2. A low fuel utilization rate within the stack (e.g. about 80%) leads to a faster accelerating vehicle. Equivalent behaviour compared to a battery electric vehicle can be achieved by operating the fuel reformer at maximum hydrogen generation. In this case, the reformer time lag is irrelevant, and the system characteristics are effectively equivalent to a direct-hydrogen system. However, the fuel economy will significantly decrease, thereby not being a practical operating strategy for an indirect-methanol FCV. 3. An increased size of the fuel cell system also improves the vehicle dynamics. Assuming the same reformer time lag, a larger system is able to provide the hydrogen requested for a higher motor power more rapidly leading to higher vehicle weight and cost. 4. Finally, two different fuel processor control strategies were investigated with respect to vehicle dynamic performance. The two basic approaches compared here are the current-controlled and throttle-controlled control strategy, the latter decreasing significantly the fuel economy. A more complex control strategy combining the two presented may expectedly reduce this impact. Anyway, this control strategy approach seems to be beneficial because no major technical or hardware limits need to be overcome, and no significant sacrifice in fuel economy or extra hardware are required.
Dynamic response of an indirect-methanol fuel cell vehicle
Dynamisches Verhalten eines indirekt-methanolbetriebenen Brennstoffzellenfahrzeugs
2000
11 Seiten, 10 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 6 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Brennstoffzelle , Brennstoffzuführvorrichtung , dynamisches Verhalten , Fahrverhalten , Fahrzeugantriebsart , Fahrzeugdynamik , komplexes System , Methanol , Reformer , Steuerungs- und Regelungsverfahren , Systemoptimierung , Systemparameter , transientes Verhalten , Verbesserung , Verzugszeit , Wasserstoff , Wechselwirkung , Zeitkonstante
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