Direct fuel oxidation leads to major simplification and better performance of fuel cell power systems, particularly, for automotive application. The inherent complexity, the losses of efficiency, and the emissions associated with the fuel processor required for the indirect system favours the direct fuel system in all important aspects. Although direct fuel oxidation is possible in principle for almost any hydrocarbon or alcohol fuel, presently, the hydrogen direct fuel cell system yields the highest fuel efficiency and power density. However, the use of hydrogen as a vehicle fuel (compressed, adsorbed, or liquefied) leads to the comparatively highest additional volume and weight for the on-board storage tanks inhibiting good acceleration performance and intruding passenger and payload space. Within the existing technical limitations of the direct fuel cell state-of-the-art (especially the available catalysts and electrolytes), only methanol (MeOH) is of sufficient reactivity to be used directly in a fuel cell (DMFC). In this paper, the state-of-the-art for DMFCs is reviewed and the issue of operation in a load-following vs. a hybrid power system are evaluated, completed by some indications of future improvements for the DMFC.
Direct methanol fuel cells for automotive power systems
Direktarbeitende Methanolbrennstoffzellen für Autoantriebe
2000
6 Seiten, 2 Bilder, 14 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Brennstoffvergasung , Brennstoffzelle , Elektrolyt , Energiedichte , Energiedirektumwandlung , Fahrzeugantrieb , Katalysator , Kohlenwasserstoffverbindung , Kraftstoffeinsparung , Leistungsdichte , Leistungsverbesserung , Methanol , Pkw (Personenkraftwagen) , Reaktionsvermögen , Systemoptimierung , Treibstoff , Wasserstoff , DMFC-Brennstoffzelle
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells for Automotive Power Systems
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