Fuel cells offer the potential of ultra-low emissions combined with high efficiency. The PEM (proton exchange membrane) fuel cell proposed for future vehicles requires hydrogen as a fuel. Supplying hydrogen, as either hydrogen gas or a hydrogen-rich reformate, is a critical issue. A large number of fuel sources can be used to provide the hydrogen, each has advantages and disadvantages. For example, hydrogen provides the simplest and easiest on-board system, but requires the largest infrastructure investment facing the most obstacles. Methanol has some advantages in producing usable reformate, but several other issues ranging from performance on cold-start and transients, to acute toxicity and maintaining purity in transport would need to be addressed. Similarly, gasoline-like liquids present opportunities to capitalize on existing infrastructure and customer familiarity, but may increase system complexity and require longer hardware development time. This paper explores the fuel choice issue, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogen, methanol reformers, and hydrocarbon (gasoline) reformers. Infrastructure, safety and health issues, system complexity and feasibility are also being addressed.
Fuel choices for fuel cell powered vehicles
Treibstoffwahl für brennstoffzellenbetriebene Fahrzeuge
2000
11 Seiten, 4 Bilder, 5 Tabellen, 34 Quellen
Conference paper
English
Fuel choices for fuel cell powered vehicles
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