By the mind-1960s there was a great deal of inefficiency in the Europe/Australia liner trade which reflected the ultra-conservative management of the British shipping lines under the benign protection of the conference system. Containerization per se was not necessary to realising a large gain in efficiency and therefore permitting a reduction in the level of freight rates. The introduction of containerization with cellular container ships and under the aegis of a strengthened conference monopoly has meant that shippers have been denied much of the potenital beneifit.
Containerization and liner conferencs: A polemic
Maritime Policy & Management ; 10 , 3 ; 165-180
1983-09-01
16 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
Unknown
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