The elements that contribute to the oil spill incidents can be separated into human factors, technical factors, and natural factors. The human factors consist of fatigue, unsafe behavior, illegal releasing the oil to the sea, poor emergency planning response, and human activities. Meanwhile, the technical factors covered ship collision, vessel condition, engine oil problem, pipeline leak, loading and unloading activity, oil digging, and shipwreck. Besides, the natural factors cover tidal-flow, ocean-stream, and wind speed-driven advection, mechanical stretching, turbulent dispersion, and bad ocean environment. There are several precautionary steps to avoid and lessen the proportion of oil spill incidents at sea. This research concentrates on recognizing the effective precaution steps in protecting the marine environment from oil spill pollution. It covered two important elements such as ship operations and ship design. The choice of the respondents involved staff from one port at various levels, senior experienced respondents from the marine academic institute, and selected residents. A 70 questionnaire survey has been performed to accumulate significant and precise figures. The data is analyzed by using SPSS from 53 respondents. The findings reveal that the ship operations are granted the most important element in the efficiency of the precaution step to avoid the ship from the crash with the residual value at 25.5. Meanwhile, the ship design is the second criterion of the important precaution steps in the reduction of ship collision with the residual value at 20.5.
Ship Crash Prevention Toward Oil Spill Incidents
Adv Struct Mater
2021-02-23
10 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
Offshore Oil Spill Incidents in Brazil
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