Visual impairment associated with extended spaceflight is NASA’s number one human spaceflight risk. The syndrome, known as spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS), was earlier referred to as visual impairment intracranial pressure (VIIP). The syndrome, which follows microgravity exposure, manifests with changes in visual acuity (hyperopic shifts) and in eye structure (optic disc edema, choroidal folds, globe flattening, and distended optic nerve sheaths). In some cases, elevated cerebrospinal fluid pressure has been documented following spaceflight, reflecting increased intracranial pressure (ICP).


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    Title :

    The Visual Impairment Intracranial Pressure (VIIP) Risk in Spaceflight



    Published in:

    Handbook of Bioastronautics ; Chapter : 93 ; 641-673


    Publication date :

    2021-08-17


    Size :

    33 pages




    Type of media :

    Article/Chapter (Book)


    Type of material :

    Electronic Resource


    Language :

    English