Abstract At least three energy conversion steps are relevant for a comprehensive analysis of energy efficiency of passenger cars and other road vehicles. As illustrated in Fig. 2.1, in a first step (“grid-to-tank”) , energy carriers that are available at stationary distribution networks, such as gasoline, electricity, etc., are transferred to an on-board storage system. This energy is then converted by the propulsion system to mechanical energy aimed at propelling the vehicle (‘“tank-to-wheels”) . In the third energy conversion step (“wheel-to-distance”) , this mechanical energy is ultimately converted into the kinetic and potential energy required by the displacement. Unfortunately, all of these conversion processes may cause substantial energy losses.
Fundamentals of Vehicle Modeling
2019-08-01
30 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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