Abstract This introductory chapter to a book on traffic simulation fundamentals is aimed at setting up a comprehensive framework for simulation as a well-established and grounded OR technique and its specificities when applied to traffic systems; the main approaches to traffic simulation and the principles of traffic simulation model building; the fundamentals of traffic flow theory and its application to traffic simulation from macroscopic, mesoscopic, or microscopic approaches. The chapter also provides a basic overview on the principles of dynamic traffic assignment and its application to traffic simulation and the calibration and validation of traffic simulation models, two key topics to establish the validity and credibility for traffic simulation models being used in the decision-making processes.


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