This chapter is focused on the fundamentals of Flash memory and NAND in particular. The explosion of data with the rise of the Internet and mobile computing in the past 30 years has made NAND Flash the most successful nonvolatile memory technology in the world. Compared to other alternatives, the low-cost-per-bit, high Read/Write speed, lightweight and compact form factor, and higher reliability over conventional hard disk drive (HDD) make NAND Flash the storage medium of choice for numerous applications. In the first section of this chapter, the basic floating gate memory cell structure is introduced to illustrate the fundamental physical characteristics that make NAND amenable for device scaling and well suited for data storage applications. Then, the historical evolution of NAND Flash is reviewed. In the second section, NAND fundamentals, including basic operations, memory architecture, and manufacturing processes, etc., will be discussed in detail. Starting around 2014, the NAND industry went through a major architecture transition from 2D to 3D NAND. The third section is devoted to the unique technology and design challenges of 3D NAND. It is followed by a discussion of various reliability issues, before the final conclusion on the 3D NAND future outlook.
Flash Memory and NAND
Advanced Driver Assistance Systems and Autonomous Vehicles ; Chapter : 5 ; 149-180
2022-10-28
32 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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