Hydrogen internal combustion engines (H2ICE) offer a cost-effective solution to decarbonize transport by combining a lower carbon intensity fuel with mature and established internal combustion engine technology. While vehicles running with hydrogen have been demonstrated over the years, this fuel's physical and chemical properties require modifications and upgrades on the vehicle from an engine and system-level perspective. In addition, market-specific regulatory and economic factors can also constrain the realization of optimal hydrogen powertrain architectures. Therefore, this paper reviews the impact of hydrogen use on combustion, injection, air management, and after-treatment systems, indicating the different strategies used to enable effective H2ICE strategies from an efficiency, cost, and safety standpoint. Specifically, swirl and tumble-based combustion systems using port fuel injection, low-pressure, and high-pressure direct injection are discussed to review performance, cost, and maturity trade-offs. Additionally, a thorough overview of the possibilities enabled by clean sheet design versus development based on base diesel and natural gas engines is presented. Finally, Indian market-specific regulations and use cases are also discussed from a technology and total cost of ownership perspective to evaluate practical considerations such as ease of operation, payload reduction, and dwell time.


    Access

    Check access

    Check availability in my library

    Order at Subito €


    Export, share and cite



    Title :

    Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine Strategies for Heavy-Duty Transportation: Engine and System Level Perspective


    Additional title:

    Sae Technical Papers



    Conference:

    Symposium on International Automotive Technology ; 2024



    Publication date :

    2024-01-16




    Type of media :

    Conference paper


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    English




    Development of Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine System for Heavy Duty Vehicles

    Kawamura, A. / Sato, Y. / Oikawa, H. et al. | British Library Online Contents | 2011


    Combustion and Thermal Development of a Heavy-Duty Hydrogen IC Engine

    Hughes, John / Osborne, Richard / Penning, Richard et al. | Springer Verlag | 2025


    HYDROGEN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE ARRANGEMENT

    GARNEMARK OSCAR / RAHM FREDRIK / ANDERSSON LENNART et al. | European Patent Office | 2025

    Free access

    Dual-fuel combustion in a heavy-duty engine

    Jia, Zhiqin / Chalmers tekniska högskola | TIBKAT | 2018


    A Hydrogen Engine For Heavy Duty Vehicles

    Hakimifard, Djavad / Carletta, Mauro / Knecht, Walter | SAE Technical Papers | 1984