Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines can help meet future fuel economy standards but will also make future proposed particulate matter (PM) emissions targets challenging to meet. This is mainly due to the fundamental change in the combustion process in GDI engines compared to conventional port fuel injection (PFI) engines. Auto manufacturers have linked PM emissions to gasoline formulations. Researchers at the Honda Motor Company proposed the particulate matter index (PMI) as a measure for gasoline sooting tendency. In this paper, 59 gasoline blend stocks from seven refineries were collected in order to study the compositional effect of real refinery streams on gasoline PMI. 580 gasoline blends were made from the 59 blend stocks. No traditional metrics of fuel quality were found to correlate well with the PMI. Reformate and FCC Naphtha contribute most significantly to the PMI of gasoline. Based on the refinery modeling assumptions presented in this paper, it is shown that a decrease in PMI from 1.5 to 1.35 shrinks the gasoline pool by 10%; a decrease in PMI from 1.5 to 1.0 yields a reduction of 30%. Since reformate is the primary incremental octane supply in a refinery, increasing the base octane from 87 [R + M]/2 E10 to 95 RON E10 results in a 10% increase in PMI, while an increase from 87 [R + M]/2 E10 to 98 RON E10 results in a 30% increase.


    Access

    Check access

    Check availability in my library

    Order at Subito €


    Export, share and cite



    Title :

    Study of Gasoline Particulate Matter Index with Refinery Blends


    Additional title:

    Sae Technical Papers


    Contributors:

    Conference:

    WCX World Congress Experience ; 2018



    Publication date :

    2018-04-03




    Type of media :

    Conference paper


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    English




    Study of Gasoline Particulate Matter Index with Refinery Blends

    Shi, Yu / Cortes-Morales, Angel / Taylor, Bradley | British Library Conference Proceedings | 2018




    Spray Behaviour and Particulate Matter Emissions with M15 Methanol/Gasoline Blends in a GDI Engine

    Richardson, Dave / Camm, Joseph / Davy, Martin et al. | SAE Technical Papers | 2016


    The influence of ethanol blends on particulate matter emissions from gasoline direct injection engines

    Chen,L. / Braisher,M. / Crossley,A. et al. | Automotive engineering | 2010