Gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines can offer improved fuel economy and higher performance over their port fuel-injected (PFI) counterparts, and are now appearing in increasingly more U.S. and European vehicles. Small displacement, turbocharged GDI engines are replacing large displacement engines, particularly in light-duty trucks and sport utility vehicles, in order for manufacturers to meet more stringent fuel economy standards. GDI engines typically emit the most particulate matter (PM) during periods of rich operation such as start-up and acceleration, and emissions of air toxics are also more likely during this condition. A 2.0 L GDI engine was operated at lambda of 0.91 at typical loads for acceleration (2600 rpm, 8 bar BMEP) on three different fuels; an 87 anti-knock index (AKI) gasoline (E0), 30% ethanol blended with the 87 AKI fuel (E30), and 48% isobutanol blended with the 87 AKI fuel. E30 was chosen to maximize octane enhancement while minimizing ethanol-blend level and iBu48 was chosen to match the same fuel oxygen level as E30. Particle size and number, organic carbon and elemental carbon (OC/EC), soot HC speciation, and aldehydes and ketones were all analyzed during the experiment. A new method for soot HC speciation is introduced using a direct, thermal desorption/pyrolysis inlet for the gas chromatograph (GC). Results showed high levels of aromatic compounds were present in the PM, including downstream of the catalyst, and the aldehydes were dominated by the alcohol blending.


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    Title :

    Novel Characterization of GDI Engine Exhaust for Gasoline and Mid-Level Gasoline-Alcohol Blends


    Additional title:

    Sae Int. J. Fuels Lubr
    Sae International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants


    Contributors:
    Kaul, Brian (author) / Nafziger, Eric (author) / Szybist, James (author) / Thomas, John (author) / Storey, John M. (author) / Eibl, Mary (author) / Lewis, Sam (author) / Barone, Teresa (author)

    Conference:

    SAE 2014 World Congress & Exhibition ; 2014



    Publication date :

    2014-04-01


    Size :

    9 pages




    Type of media :

    Conference paper


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    English




    Novel Characterization of GDI Engine Exhaust for Gasoline and Mid-Level Gasoline-Alcohol Blends

    Storey, J.M. / Lewis, S. / Szybist, J. et al. | British Library Conference Proceedings | 2014


    ALCOHOL-BLENDS in GASOLINE

    Schelp, Helmut | SAE Technical Papers | 1936


    Lean burn engine fueled with alcohol gasoline blends

    Gambino,M. / Rizzo,G. / Inst.Motori del CNR,IT et al. | Automotive engineering | 1988


    Gasoline engine exhaust odors

    Mikita, J.J. / Levin, H. / Kichline, H.R. | Engineering Index Backfile | 1943


    Gasoline engine exhaust odors

    Mikita, J.J. / Levin, H. / Kichline, H.R. | Engineering Index Backfile | 1943