Various mixtures of ammonia (NH₃) and dimethyl ether (DME) were tested in a diesel engine to explore the feasibility of using ammonia as an alternative, non-carbon fuel to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. The original diesel fuel injection system was replaced with a new system for injecting ammonia-DME mixtures into the cylinder directly. The injection pressure was maintained at approximately 206 bar for various fuel mixtures including 100% DME, 60%DME-40%NH₃, and 40%DME-60%NH₃ (by weight). As ammonia content was increased in the fuel mixture, the injection timing needed to be advanced to ensure successful engine operation. It was found that cycle-to-cycle variation increased significantly when 40%DME-60%NH₃ was used. In the meantime, combustion of 40%DME-60%NH₃ exhibited HCCI characteristics as the injection timing ranged from 90 to 340 before top-dead-center (BTDC). Emissions data show that soot emissions remained extremely low for the fuel mixtures tested. On the other hand, as ammonia concentration increased, CO and HC emissions increased due to the low combustion temperature of ammonia, and NOx emissions also increased due to the formation of fuel NOx. Exhaust ammonia emissions also increased as ammonia content increased in the fuel mixture.


    Access

    Check access

    Check availability in my library

    Order at Subito €


    Export, share and cite



    Title :

    Effects of Fuel Compositions on Diesel Engine Performance Using Ammonia-DME Mixtures


    Additional title:

    Sae Technical Papers


    Contributors:

    Conference:

    SAE 2013 World Congress & Exhibition ; 2013



    Publication date :

    2013-04-08




    Type of media :

    Conference paper


    Type of material :

    Print


    Language :

    English




    Ammonia as a Diesel Engine Fuel: Theory and Application

    Starkman, E. S. / James, G. E. / Newhall, H. K. | SAE Technical Papers | 1967


    SI and diesel engine performance and fuel effects

    International Fall Fuels and Lubricants Meeting and Exposition | TIBKAT | 2001


    Fuel Property Effects on Army Diesel Engine Performance

    Montemayor, A. F. / Owens, E. C. / Lestz, S. J. | SAE Technical Papers | 1985


    Fuel property effects on army diesel engine performance

    Montemayor,A.F. / Owens,E.C. / Lestz,S.J. et al. | Automotive engineering | 1985


    Effects of Fuel Ignition Improvers on Diesel Engine Performance

    Kamel, Mostafa M. | SAE Technical Papers | 1984