Direct simulation Monte Carlo DSMC simulations are performed for the Apollo capsule in the hypersonic low density transitional flow regime. The focus is on ow conditions similar to that experienced by the Apollo Command Module during the high altitude portion of its reentry Results for aerodynamic forces and moments are presented that demonstrate their sensitivity to rarefaction that is for free molecular to continuum conditions. Also aerodynamic data are presented that shows their sensitivity to a range of reentry velocity encompasing conditions that include reentry from low Earth orbit lunar return and Mars return velocities to km/s. The rarefied results are anchored in the continuum regime with data from Navier Stokes simulations
DSMC Simulations of Apollo Capsule Aerodynamics for Hypersonic Rarefied Conditions
9th AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference ; 2006 ; San Francisco, CA, United States
2006-01-01
Conference paper
No indication
English
DSMC Simulations of Apollo Capsule Aerodynamics for Hypersonic Rarefied Conditions
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