The report covers three projects the aim of which was to evaluate the relative air pollution from traffic relative to public and private transportation, to quantify the effects of adoption of different traffic regulating policies on air pollution on the road, to predict on-street emission levels with the use of traffic data, emission models for vehicles and dispersion models - and to evaluate emissions in city traffic on highways and freeways. It was thus necessary to be able to calculate the emissions from, and energy consumption of, different vehicles under diverse traffic conditions. A series of computer models were made. These models, and the basic assumptions underlying them, are described. The programmes were developed to predict HC, CO and NO(sub x) particles and CO(sub 2), as well as fuel consumption, by petrol powered passenger cars (with and without 3-way catalysts) diesel powered light duty vehicles and heavy duty diesel powered vehicles (of 10 - 26 tons). The models are valid for up to 150 km/h for light duty and 105 km/h for heavy duty vehicles. Deterioration factors for HC, CO and NO(sub x) emissions from cars equipped with 3-way catalysts are presented. Simple models for cold start incremental emission of CO, HC and CO(sub 2) and incremental cold start fuel consumption regarding cars are presented. There is a degree of uncertainty in the catalyst car models at speeds over 90-100 km/h. Detailed figures on emissions and fuel consumption factors are presented. (AB) (31 refs.).


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