The relationship between vehicle travel speeds and resulting pedestrian injury was reviewed in the literature and in existing data sets. Results indicated that higher vehicle speeds are strongly associated with both a greater likelihood of pedestrian crash occurrence and more serious resulting pedestrian injury. It was estimated that only 5 percent of pedestrians would die when struck by a vehicle traveling at 20 miles per hour or less. This compares with fatality rates of 40, 80, and nearly 100 percent for striking speeds of 30, 40, and 50 miles per hours or more respectively. Reductions in vehicle travel speeds can be achieved through lowered speed limits, police enforcement of speed limits, and associated public information. More long-lasting speed reductions in neighborhoods where vehicles and pedestrians commonly share roadway can be achieved through engineering approaches generally known as traffic calming. Countermeasures include road humps, roundabouts, other horizontal traffic deflections (e.g., chicanes), and increase use of stop signs. Comprehensive community-based speed reduction programs, combining public information and education, enforcement, and roadway engineering, are recommended.


    Access

    Access via TIB

    Check availability in my library


    Export, share and cite



    Title :

    Literature Review on Vehicle Travel Speeds and Pedestrian Injuries


    Contributors:
    W. A. Leaf (author) / D. F. Preusser (author)

    Publication date :

    1999


    Size :

    70 pages


    Type of media :

    Report


    Type of material :

    No indication


    Language :

    English





    Kinematics and Head Injuries in Vehicle/Pedestrian Accidents at Speeds Above 50 KPH

    Grandel,J. / Zeisberger,H. / Walz,F. et al. | Automotive engineering | 1986


    Bicycle and Pedestrian Travel Demand Forecasting: Literature Review

    S. Turner / A. Hottenstein / G. Shunk | NTIS | 1997


    Do Pedestrian Countdown Signals Influence Vehicle Speeds?

    Nambisan, Shashi S. / Karkee, Ganesh J. | Transportation Research Record | 2010


    Head Injuries in Vehicle-Pedestrian Impact

    Kajzer, Janusz / Mizuno, Koji | SAE Technical Papers | 2000