Man-Portable Air Defense Systems (MANPADS) have become a prevalent threat to both military and civilian aircraft. In recent conflicts, it has been proven that aircraft have survived MANPADS encounters. Some MANPADS missiles also failed to detonate on or within the aircraft. The survivability/ vulnerability aircraft analysis community is beginning to understand the critical issues relating to the impacts of MANPADS missiles with aircraft; however, the community still requires a validated set of analysis tools to handle this threat. In recent years, a series of aggressive multi-year programs have been initiated to address these voids. These programs have incorporated parallel efforts that integrate first-principle, high-fidelity, nonlinear structural analysis codes, test data, and analytical and empirical penetration equations to advance the state of the art in vulnerability analysis techniques and in understanding aircraft-MANPADS encounters. This article presents an update of a first-principle, high-fidelity MANPADS methodology development project.


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